The spectrum of a vertex model and related spin one chain sitting in a genus five curve

We derive the transfer matrix eigenvalues of a three-state vertex model whose weights are based on a $\mathrm{R}$-matrix not of difference form with spectral parameters lying on a genus five curve. We have shown that the basic building blocks for both the transfer matrix eigenvalues and Bethe equations can be expressed in terms of meromorphic functions on an elliptic curve. We discuss the properties of an underlying spin one chain originated from a particular choice of the $\mathrm{R}$-matrix second spectral parameter. We present numerical and analytical evidences that the respective low-energy excitations can be gapped or massless depending on the strength of the interaction coupling. In the massive phase we provide analytical and numerical evidences in favor of an exact expression for the lowest energy gap. We point out that the critical point separating these two distinct physical regimes coincides with the one in which the weights geometry degenerate into union of genus one curves.Comment: 22 pages, 12 figure

Integrable Vertex Models with General Twists

We review recent progress towards the solution of exactly solved isotropic vertex models with arbitrary toroidal boundary conditions. Quantum space transformations make it possible the diagonalization of the corresponding transfer matrices by means of the quantum inverse scattering method. Explicit expressions for the eigenvalues and Bethe ansatz equations of the twisted isotropic spin chains based on the $B_n$, $D_n$ and $C_n$ Lie algebras are presented. The applicability of this approach to the eight vertex model with non-diagonal twists is also discussed.Comment: 9 pages, Proceedings of Recent Progress in Solvable Models: RIMS Project, Kyoto, Japan, 20-23 July 200

Algebraic Geometry methods associated to the one-dimensional Hubbard model

In this paper we study the covering vertex model of the one-dimensional Hubbard Hamiltonian constructed by Shastry in the realm of algebraic geometry. We show that the Lax operator sits in a genus one curve which is not isomorphic but only isogenous to the curve suitable for the AdS/CFT context. We provide an uniformization of the Lax operator in terms of ratios of theta functions allowing us to establish relativistic like properties such as crossing and unitarity. We show that the respective $\mathrm{R}$-matrix weights lie on an Abelian surface being birational to the product of two elliptic curves with distinct $\mathrm{J}$-invariants. One of the curves is isomorphic to that of the Lax operator but the other is solely fourfold isogenous. These results clarify the reason the $\mathrm{R}$-matrix can not be written using only difference of spectral parameters of the Lax operator.Comment: 24 page

Mind-life continuity: a qualitative study of conscious experience

There are two fundamental models to understanding the phenomenon of natural life. One is thecomputational model, which is based on the symbolic thinking paradigm. The other is the biologicalorganism model. The common difficulty attributed to these paradigms is that their reductive tools allowthe phenomenological aspects of experience to remain hidden behind yes/no responses (behavioraltests), or brain ‘pictures’ (neuroimaging). Hence, one of the problems regards how to overcome meth-odological difficulties towards a non-reductive investigation of conscious experience. It is our aim in thispaper to show how cooperation between Eastern and Western traditions may shed light for a non-reductive study of mind and life. This study focuses on the first-person experience associated withcognitive and mental events. We studied phenomenal data as a crucial fact for the domain of livingbeings, which, we expect, can provide the ground for a subsequent third-person study. The interventionwith Jhana meditation, and its qualitative assessment, provided us with experiential profiles based uponsubjects' evaluations of their own conscious experiences. The overall results should move towards anintegrated or global perspective on mind where neither experience nor external mechanisms have thefinal wor